|
Great Mosque of Nablus ((アラビア語:جامع نابلس الكبير) ''Jami' Nablus al-Kebir'') is the oldest and largest mosque in the Palestinian city of Nablus.〔Dumper, Stanley and Abu-Lughod, 2007, p.267.〕 It was originally built as a Byzantine church and was converted into a mosque during the early Islamic era. The Crusaders transformed it into a church in the 11th century, but it was reconsecrated as a mosque by the Ayyubids in the 12th century. The mosque is located at the intersection of the main streets of the Old City, along the district's eastern edges.〔(Places to Visit ) General Mission of Palestine-Tokyo.〕 It has a long, narrow, rectangular floor plan and a silver dome.〔Semplici, Andrea and Boccia, Mario. (- Nablus, At the Foot of the Holy Mountain ) Med Cooperation, pp.15-16.〕 ==History== Local legend in Nablus claims that mosque was the site where Jacob's sons handed Jacob the blood-stained coat of their brother Joseph as evidence that his favorite son was dead.〔 This tradition is more associated with the nearby al-Khadra Mosque, however. The site of the Great Mosque was originally a basilica built during the reign of Philip the Arab in 244-249 CE.〔 The Byzantines later constructed a cathedral on the basilica's ruins and this cathedral is depicted in the mosaic Map of Madaba in 600 CE.〔Pringle, 1998, p. ( 97 )〕 It was likely damaged or destroyed by the Samaritans during their raids in 484 and 529, but Emperor Justinian I (reigned from 483-565) had the cathedral restored.〔Pringle, 1998, p. ( 98 ) 〕 The cathedral was transformed into the Great Mosque of Nablus in the early period of Islamic Arab rule in Palestine, in the 10th-century.〔Dumper, Stanley and Abu-Lughod, 2007, p.266.〕 Arab geographer al-Muqaddasi wrote that the Great Mosque was in the “midst” of Nablus, and “is very finely paved.”〔al-Muqaddasi quoted in le Strange, 1890, (p.511 ).〕 The Crusaders converted the mosque into a church, but made only few alterations including the construction of an apse. In 1187, the Ayyubids led by Saladin reconsecrated the building as a mosque. The Knights Templar of the Crusaders burnt it in a raid in 1242.〔 The mosque had apparently been repaired by the 14th-century evidenced by Arab chronicler al-Dimashqi who, in 1300, mentions the Great Mosque as “a fine mosque, in which is prayer is said, and the Qur'an recited day and night, men being appointed thereto.”〔al-Dimashqi quoted in le Strange, 1890, (p.513 ).〕 In 1335, Western traveler James of Verona recorded that the mosque had been “a church of the Christians but now is a mosque of the Saracens.”〔 Twenty years later, Ibn Batuta visited it and noted that in the middle of the mosque was a “tank of sweet water.”〔Ibn Batuta quoted in le Strange, 1890, (p.514 ).〕 In 1641, the Great Mosque's minaret was rebuilt,〔(Nablus ) Nablus Guide.〕 but the mosque compound had remained virtually untouched throughout most of its later existence until a severe earthquake struck Palestine, especially Nablus in 1927. The mosque's dome and minaret were destroyed as a result, but were restored in 1935.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Great Mosque of Nablus」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|